Cost Performance Index (TM) - A Tool to Help Compare In-House Versus Outsourced Billing

Physical therapy practice management is similar tomaterials (software, paper, stamps etc).
patient care in that there is a science and an artAnother factor of cost that is often overlooked
to how it works. One situation that lends itself toand probably the most important to stress is
this concept is the decision to have your billingwhat I call the "Sick Leave Factor". This refers to
service in house or to outsource it. On one handthe scenario in which your employee responsible
as the owner or manager you would like to keepfor all the billing and follow up takes sick- or is out
control of the process and have the data at yourof work for any reason. Less commonly but with
fingertips. On the other hand is the costa greater impact is when this happens as that
associated with staff dedicating time to the entirestaff member leaves or retires. This may leave
billing process, claims follow up, and thethe practice owner in a difficult position in order to
management of that process to keep it efficientmaintain reimbursement performance and
while working without a hitch. Making this decisionultimately cash flow while that key person is gone.
sometimes is done out of that gut feeling that it'sHaving a thoroughly trained support staff and
the right thing to do or strictly going by theestablished billing process is key to seeing that the
numbers or a combination of the two. TheSick Leave Factor doesn't impact your bottom
purpose of this article is to assist you in makingline. From a human resource standpoint this is
an informed decision about what is best for yourdifficult to prepare for especially if your practice is
clinic and introducing you to a simple tool that willsmall. However if you think that this is isolated to
help compare different billing scenarios.an in house process - think again. I have seen and
Prior to starting my outpatient physical therapyexperienced the Sick Leave Factor with sub
practice one colleague recommended that I shouldoptimal billing companies as well. Please understand
do all the billing myself. That way I could cut downthat an effective billing process when set up
on my cost. And after I grew the business then Icorrectly should not be dependent upon one key
would want to transition the process to a billingperson. The system should run smoothly and that
company. I was also told by another colleaguemany people should know how to keep it running
that with small start ups it makes more sense tosmoothly in the case of personnel change over no
utilize a billing company at first until I grew thematter if this is done within your practice or
business to a certain level and then I would beoutsourced.
able take it in house. From my perspective IA tool that I believe you will find helpful in your
believe both can be effective and both can bedecision making is the Cost Performance
ineffective based upon certain variables. OftenIndex(TM). This is the relationship between the
times these variables are overlooked by ownerstotal cost of a billing service and the value
who may not truly understand the dynamics of(effectiveness) of that service on your clinic's
physical therapy reimbursement and practicecash flow.
management. I believe most of us have foundCost Performance Index = RPI Cash flow / Total
success with both situations and likewise haveCost
found utter frustration with both situations at oneThe RPI(TM) cash flow is the projected cash flow
time or another. This article will highlight the two(Visits x charges x % of typical reimbursement) /
most important variables as well as introduce youRPI score
to a tool - The Cost Performance Index (TM) orExample: 350 visits x $155 charge per visit x 67%
CPI that you can use to help make betterreimbursement = a projected cash flow of
informed decisions about your own billing process.$36,347.50
A wise man once told me that 5% of nothing isA. If the process is effective (RPI for instance is
nothing. This wise man, who eventually became1.0) then the RPI cash flow is $36,347/1.0 =
my business partner, was referring to the fact$36,347
that although a 5% cost per reimbursed claimB. If the process is ineffective (RPI is 1.4 ) then
was very affordable, the fact that withoutthe RPI cash flow is $36,347/1.4 = $25,962
adequate reimbursement performance, it didn'tFrom here you can compare Cost Performances
mean much. What he was alluding to was thebetween two billing processes.
cost of billing that I paid to a company who didn't1. Let's say that you can bill from within with an
truly understand my needs and whose servicesRPI of 1.4 (Scenario B above) and the total cost
were poor. It didn't cost me much - because Ito you is $2,500 per month your CPI would be as
didn't make much. Sure a low cost was great. Butfollows.
looking at cost alone does nothing for the pocketCPI = RPI cash flow / Total cost So - CPI=
book. Your goal as a business owner is to achieve$25,962 / $2500 = 10.4. This means that $10.40
the greatest revenue for the lowest cost in orderis generated in revenues for every dollar of cost
to maximize your profit margin.associated with the billing process
There are two primary variables that the owner2. Let's say that you use a Billing Company that
practice manager needs to acknowledge andachieves an RPI of 1.0 (Scenario A above) and
understand in addition to being able to see howthe total cost to you is the same - $2,500 your
they impact your bottom line. In their simplestCPI would be as follows
form they are performance and cost. Firstly, yourCPI= RPI cash flow / Total cost So - CPI=
billing system needs to be effective and you need$36,347 / $2,500 = 14.5. So you generate $14.5
to know how to measure it and what factors aredollars for every one dollar spent on the cost to
involved in making it effective. In a previous E-zineuse that billing company.
article, Reimbursement Performance Index: AAs you can see better performance (lower RPI)
New Tool in Physical Therapy Practicecan make a big difference in your bottom line. If
Management I introduced a simple metric to helpyou simply look at the retained cash flow you can
determine a practice's billing effectiveness - thesee that the lesser performing process yields you
Reimbursement Performance Index (TM). [Total$23,445 at the end of the month [RPI cash flow
AR / Ave. Monthly Charges]. Having an ineffectiveminus the cost of the service - $25,945 - $2500].
billing process is detrimental to a practice noWith the greater performing process you end up
matter if you are doing it in house or outsourcingwith $33,847 at the end of the month [$36,347
it. I have seen examples of both.-$2500].
An effective process starts from having yourWhat needs to be stressed here is to accurately
front office be on top of performing healthmeasure performance (RPI) and to gather the
insurance benefit checks so that both you andtrue total cost associated with billing in either
the patient are on the same page as to what thesituation. What most owners and managers
cost for services will be per visit. Understandingforget when looking at the cost of services
and explaining to a patient the difference betweenprovided within the practice is the impact of
co-pays and co-insurance as well as coming upbenefits, taxes, worker's compensation insurance
with a plan to have patients pay for services upand billing software / supplies. Conversely when
front when they have an unmet deductible ordealing with a third party billing agency you need
co-pays are key to saving you time and moneyto be aware of all the costs including any set up
as well as maintaining good cash flow. Next,fees, minimal charge fees or any extras that are
having those who manage your billing processnot included in your contract.
completely understand all the intricacies involvedFinally, I would be remiss if I didn't touch upon this
with the plethora of health insurers and plans thatconcept. Many practice owners believe that billing
are out there and the rules that each expect uscan be simple and effective if they purchase the
to follow in order to get paid for the services weright software package. Much thought, time and
render. In depth knowledge of coding including theenergy seems to go into deciding which billing
use of modifiers and tracking reimbursementsoftware package the owner should invest in. My
trends and utilization is also highly important. Itopinion is the least important cog in the
should also be expected that the same personnelreimbursement wheel is what software you use.
needs to work hard for you and your patient toThe most important aspect by far is the system
correct any misinformation and unpaid claims thatyou develop - everything from choosing which
the insurance company sends your way. Havingcontracts to sign, to your fee schedule, to how
dedicated staff to spend time to research and doand when you input your charges and to how you
follow up on any and all erroneous claims is vitaltrain your staff on what to charge and more.
to not giving away free service.Those who control and run your system, the
Cost is the other variable that needs to betrained experts who understand how it all works
understood in order to make a better informedand how they need to modify it over time as the
decision about how you should bill. From anrules change eventually will define your level of
outsourced point of view the third party agencysuccess and cash flow both in the short and long
can charge the practice in many ways. The costterm.
to the practice can be based upon gross charges,In conclusion, understanding the factors involved in
total revenues actually collected (including deskdetermining the effectiveness of your billing cycle
payments), or revenues collected throughas well as accounting for all the costs associated
insurance payments alone. In some situations theyis key in helping you make a better more
even charge for low volumes as well as a setupinformed decision. These two variables are all that
and start up fees. A percentage of gross chargescount. How effective of a job are you doing? And
or revenues collected are typical. Total costswhat is the total true cost to get that level of
associated from in house processes include theeffectiveness. The Cost Performance Index (TM)
direct cost of personnel including: salary; benefits;is a simple way to make sense of it all.
taxes (up to 40% of salary) and supplies /