Occupational Therapy - Scope of Practice

Occupational Therapists are concerned with theAccording to WHO (1986), health is the extent to
engagement of persons in meaningful andwhich an individual or group is able, on one hand,
purposeful occupations in ADLs, work and play.to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and one
Occupations are goal-directed pursuits whichanother hand, to change or cope with the
typically extend over time, have meaning to theenvironment.
performer, and involves mutiple tasks. (AOTA,Thus, the unique contribution of occupational
1995). They are 'the ordinary and familiar thingstherapy is to maximize the fit between what is
that people do everyday.'the individual's wants and needs to do and his or
Functioning in one's roles, such as being a parent,her capabilities to do it (Baum & Christiansen,
employee or student, depends on successful1997). The resources of the client when coupled
performance of multiple occupations. Used in thiswith the skilled intervention of the occupational
manner, the term occupation is moretherapist often can effectively resolve
comprehensive than the conventional usage byhealth-related functional performance limitation
the public as referring only to one's vocation.(Baum & Christiansen, 1997).
Participation restrictions, activity limitations andOccupational therapists are experts in
impairments or risks for these problems mayunderstanding the multidimensional nature of
constrain, restrict, or reduce engagement inoccupations and their impact on health. They use
occupations, thus contributing to a lifestyle oftwo clinical reasoning tools in recommending a a
inactivity that may lead to further physical,program of intervention to improve occupational
cognitive, and psychological complications andperformance, which includes tasks and activity
eventual decline in health.analysis (Watson, 1997).